Steel Grade Datasheet
S235JR/ 1.0038 / ≈ A36
Structural Carbon Steel
What is S235JR (St37) steel?
S235JR (Werkstoff No. 1.0038, formerly St 37-2) is the most widely used structural carbon steel per EN 10025-2. The '235' denotes the minimum yield strength of 235 MPa for sections ≤16 mm; 'JR' denotes a minimum impact toughness of 27 J at +20 °C. Tensile strength is 360–510 MPa. Its low carbon content (≤0.17%) gives excellent weldability and formability, making it the default material for steel construction, general fabrication and welded structures.
Chemical Composition
Cast analysis, % by weight (per the applicable EN standard)
| Element | Range (%) |
|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.17 |
| Si | — |
| Mn | ≤ 1.40 |
| P | ≤ 0.035 |
| S | ≤ 0.035 |
| N | ≤ 0.012 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.55 |
Mechanical Properties (+AR / +N)
Values depend on ruling section / thickness (d).
| Section (mm) | Yield Re min (MPa) | Tensile Rm (MPa) | Elongation A min (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| d ≤ 16 | 235 | 360–510 | 26 |
| 16 < d ≤ 40 | 225 | 360–510 | 25 |
| 40 < d ≤ 100 | 215 | 360–510 | 24 |
| 100 < d ≤ 250 | 195 | 350–500 | 22 |
Hardness: Typical hardness ~120–160 HB (informational; S235JR is specified by strength/toughness, not hardness).
S235JR / St37 properties and the St37 conversion
International Equivalents
Values marked ≈ are nearest matches, not exact equivalents. Always confirm against the governing standard.
| System | Grade |
|---|---|
| EN | S235JR |
| W.-Nr. (DIN) | 1.0038 |
| Eski DIN / Old DIN | St 37-2 |
| ASTM | ≈ A36 / A283 Gr.D |
| JIS | ≈ SS400 / SM400A |
| GOST | ≈ Ст3сп (St3sp) |
| BS (UK) | ≈ 40B / S275 range |
| GB (China) | ≈ Q235B |
Applications
- Steel construction and load-bearing structures
- Welded frames, chassis and platforms
- General machine bodies and connecting parts
- Pipe supports and brackets
- Agricultural and construction equipment fabrication
- General-purpose non-machined parts
Available Product Forms
Frequently Asked Questions
Are St37 and S235JR the same steel?+
Yes. St37 is the old DIN 17100 designation; its current EN 10025-2 equivalent is S235JR, and the material number 1.0038 is identical for both. St 37-2 corresponds exactly to S235JR and St 37-3 to S235J2. Only the designation changed — the material is the same.
What do '235' and 'JR' mean in S235JR?+
'235' is the minimum yield strength for sections ≤16 mm (235 MPa). 'JR' is the impact test class: minimum 27 J at +20 °C. 'J0' means 27 J at 0 °C and 'J2' at −20 °C — if toughness at lower temperature is required, choose S235J2.
Is S235JR weldable?+
Yes, excellently. Its low carbon (≤0.17%) and low carbon equivalent allow welding by all common processes (MMA, MIG/MAG, TIG) without preheat. This is the main reason S235JR is so widespread in steel construction.
Is S235JR the same as ASTM A36?+
Very close but not identical. Both are low-carbon structural steels; A36 has a 250 MPa minimum yield versus 235 MPa for S235JR, with minor differences in chemical limits. They are interchangeable for general construction, but code-governed projects must follow whichever standard the order specifies.
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References & Standards
Values on this page are reference data compiled from the applicable EN standard; certified material properties are defined by the mill test certificate (EN 10204 3.1).